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there be句式中動(dòng)詞be的變體英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法

時(shí)間:2023-09-16 23:05:17 劍鋒 基礎(chǔ)英語(yǔ) 我要投稿
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there be句式中動(dòng)詞be的變體英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法

  there be句式中動(dòng)詞be的變體英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法

there be句式中動(dòng)詞be的變體英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法

  there be 結(jié)構(gòu)中be動(dòng)詞既有“數(shù)”的變化,也有“時(shí)”的變化。be動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)必須依主語(yǔ)的變化而變化。單數(shù)is,復(fù)數(shù)are,如:

  There is a table in the room. 房間里有一張桌子。

  There are some birds in the tree. 樹(shù)上有很多鳥(niǎo)。

  一、 There be句型的結(jié)構(gòu)

  1.There is+單數(shù)可數(shù)+地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)

  例:There is a ruler on the desk. 書(shū)桌上有一把尺。

  2.There are+單數(shù)可數(shù)+地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)

  例:There are four apples on the tree. 樹(shù)上有四個(gè)蘋(píng)果。

  There are some flowers in the park. 公園里有許多花。

  3.There is + 不可數(shù)名詞+地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)

  例:There is some water in the bottle. 瓶子里有一些水。(水是不可數(shù)名詞,即使有some ,be動(dòng)詞也是單數(shù))

  There be選擇就近原則:

  There be句型的就近原則是There be句型中語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目的重點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)。There be句型中be動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式由最挨近的名詞單復(fù)數(shù)決定。

  如:There is a pen, two books and many pencils on the desk.

  在本句中盡管有鋼筆、書(shū)和鉛筆,但是由于離be動(dòng)詞最近的一項(xiàng)是單數(shù)a pen,因此,be動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)is。

  二、There be 句型的疑問(wèn)句及回答

 。ㄒ唬┮话阋蓡(wèn)句

  There be句型的一般疑問(wèn)句變化是把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)整到句首,再在句尾加上問(wèn)號(hào)即可,此為“調(diào)整法”。但同時(shí)要注意:當(dāng)肯定句中有some時(shí),要將其改為any(否定變化也一樣)?纯聪旅鎯删涫侨绾巍案念^換面”的吧:

  There is some water on Mars.(火星上有一些水)→

  Is there any water on Mars?(火星上有水嗎?)

  There are some fish in the water.(水里有一些魚(yú))→

  Are there any fish in the water?(水里有魚(yú)嗎?)

 。ǘ㏕here be 句型的回答

  1.肯定回答為:Yes, there is/are.

  2.否定回答為: No, there isn’t/aren’t.

  (三)特殊疑問(wèn)句

  提問(wèn)There be 句型的特殊疑問(wèn)句形式有以下三種變化:

  1.對(duì)主語(yǔ)提問(wèn):當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是人時(shí),用“Whos+介于短句?”;當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是物時(shí),用“Whats+介詞短句?”。注意:無(wú)論原句的主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù),對(duì)于提問(wèn)時(shí)一般都用be的單數(shù)形式(回答時(shí)卻要根據(jù)實(shí)際情況來(lái)決定)。

  如:There are many things over there.(那邊有很多東西)→Whats over there?(那邊是什么?)

  There is a little girl in the room.(房間里有個(gè)小女孩)→Who is in the room?(誰(shuí)在房間里?)

  2.對(duì)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)提問(wèn):提問(wèn)地點(diǎn)當(dāng)然用“Where is/are主語(yǔ)?"啦!例如:

  There is a computer on the desk.(桌子上有一臺(tái)電腦)→Where is the computer?(電腦在哪里?)

  3.對(duì)數(shù)量提問(wèn);一般有兩種句型結(jié)構(gòu):

  How many+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+are there+介詞短語(yǔ)?

  How much+不可數(shù)名詞+is there+介詞短語(yǔ)?

  例句

  1.單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞

  肯定句There is an apple on the tree.(樹(shù)上有個(gè)蘋(píng)果)

  疑問(wèn)句 Is there an apple on the tree?(樹(shù)上有蘋(píng)果嗎?)

  肯定回答: Yes, there is. 否定回答: No, there isn’t.

  2.復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞

  肯定句There are five pens on the desk.(桌上有五只筆)

  疑問(wèn)句Are there five pens on the desk?(桌上有五只鋼筆嗎?)

  肯定回答: Yes, there are. 否定回答 No, there aren’t.

  3.不可數(shù)名詞

  肯定句 There is some water in the cup. (水是不可數(shù)名詞)(杯子里有些水)

  否定句 Is there any water in the cup?(杯子里有水嗎?)

  肯定回答: Yes, there is. 否定回答: No, there isn’t.

  三、There be 句型的否定形式

 。ㄒ唬㏕here be 句型的否定:

  否定形式只要在be動(dòng)詞后面加not即可,is not =isn’t are not= aren’t

  但要注意的是句中如果出現(xiàn)some則改成any.

  1.There is a knife in the kitchen.(廚房里有一把刀)

  否定:There is not a knife in the kitchen.(廚房里沒(méi)有刀)

  2.There are five apples on the tree.(樹(shù)上有五個(gè)蘋(píng)果)

  否定:There are not five apples on the tree.(樹(shù)上沒(méi)有五個(gè)蘋(píng)果)

  3.There is some ink in the bottle. (瓶子里有墨水)

  否定:There is not any ink in the bottle. (ink是墨水,不可數(shù)名詞(瓶子里沒(méi)有墨水)

  4.There are some birds singing in the tree. (樹(shù)上有幾只鳥(niǎo)兒在歌唱)

  否定:There are not any birds singing in the tree.(樹(shù)上沒(méi)有鳥(niǎo)兒在歌唱)

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