6月英語四級閱讀理解真題及答案

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2025年6月英語四級閱讀理解真題及答案（通用10套）

　　英語四級閱讀理解分為詞匯理解、長篇閱讀、仔細閱讀三種題型。下面是小編整理的6月英語四級閱讀理解真題，歡迎閱讀!

2025年6月英語四級閱讀理解真題及答案（通用10套）

　　6月英語四級閱讀理解真題及答案 1

　　Section A

　　Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

　　Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.

　　Contrary to popular belief, older people generally do not want to live with their children. Moreover, most adult children __26__ every bit as much care and support to their aging parents as was the case in the "good old days", and most older people do not feel __27__ .

　　About 80% of people 65 years and older have living children, and about 90% of them have __28__ contact with their children. About 75% of elderly parents who dont go to nursing homes live within 30 minutes of at least one of their children.

　　However, __29__ having contact with children does not guarantee happiness in old age. In fact, some research has found that people who are most involved with their families have the lowest spirits. This research may be __30__ , however, as ill health often makes older people more __31__ and thereby increases contact with family members. So it is more likely that poor health, not just family involvement, __32__ spirits.

　　Increasingly, researchers have begun to look at the quality of relationships, rather than at the frequency of contact, between the elderly and their children. If parents and children share interests and values and agree on childrearing practices and religious __33__ , they are likely to enjoy each others company. Disagreements on such matters can __34__ cause problems. If parents are angered by their daughters divorce, dislike her new husband, and disapprove of how she is raising their grandchildren, __35__ are that they are not going to enjoy her visits.

　　A.abandoned B.advanced C.biased D.chances E.commitment F.dampens G.dependent H.distant I.frequent J.fulfillment K.grant L.merely M.provide N.understandably O.unrealistically

　　Section B

　　Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

　　Could Food Shortages Bring Down Civilization?

　　[A] For many years I have studied global agricultural, population, environmental and economic trends and their interactions. The combined effects of those trends and the political tensions they generate point to the breakdown of governments and societies. Yet I, too, have resisted the idea that food shortages could bring down not only individual governments but also our global civilization.

　　[B] I can no longer ignore that risk. Our continuing failure to deal with the environmental declines that are undermining the world food economy forces me to conclude that such a collapse is possible.

　　[C] As demand for food rises faster than supplies are growing, the resulting food-price inflation puts severe stress on the governments of many countries. Unable to buy grain or grow their own, hungry people take to the streets. Indeed, even before the steep climb in grain prices in 2008, the number of failing states was expanding. If the food situation continues to worsen, entire nations will break down at an ever increasing rate. In the 20th century the main threat to international security was superpower conflict; today it is failing states.

　　[D] States fail when national governments can no longer provide personal security, food security and basic social services such as education and health care. When governments lose their control on power, law and order begin to disintegrate. After a point, countries can become so dangerous that food relief workers are no longer safe and their programs are halted. Failing states are of international concern because they are a source of terrorists, drugs, weapons and refugees (難民), threatening political stability everywhere.

　　[E] The surge in world grain prices in 2007 and 2008—and the threat they pose to food security—has a different, more troubling quality than the increases of the past. During the second half of the 20th century, grain prices rose dramatically several times. In 1972, for instance, the Soviets, recognizing their poor harvest early, quietly cornered the world wheat market. As a result, wheat prices elsewhere more than doubled, pulling rice and corn prices up with them. But this and other price shocks were event-driven—drought in the Soviet Union, crop-shrinking heat in the U.S. Corn Belt. And the rises were short-lived: prices typically returned to normal with the next harvest.

　　[F] In contrast, the recent surge in world grain prices is trend-driven, making it unlikely to reverse without a reversal in the trends themselves. On the demand side, those trends include the ongoing addition of more than 70 million people a year, a growing number of people wanting to move up the food chain to consume highly grain-intensive meat products, and the massive diversion (轉向) of U.S. grain to the production of bio-fuel.

　　[G] As incomes rise among low-income consumers, the potential for further grain consumption is huge. But that potential pales beside the never-ending demand for crop-based fuels. A fourth of this years U.S. grain harvest will go to fuel cars.

　　[H] What about supply? The three environmental trends—the shortage of fresh water, the loss of topsoil and the rising temperatures—are making it increasingly hard to expand the worlds grain supply fast enough to keep up with demand. Of all those trends, however, the spread of water shortages poses the most immediate threat. The biggest challenge here is irrigation, which consumes 70% of the worlds fresh water. Millions of irrigation wells in many countries are now pumping water out of underground sources faster than rainfall can refill them. The result is falling water tables (地下水位) in countries with half the worlds people, including the three big grain producers—China, India and the U.S.

　　[I] As water tables have fallen and irrigation wells have gone dry, Chinas wheat crop, the worlds largest, has declined by 8% since it peaked at 123 million tons in 1997. But water shortages are even more worrying in India. Millions of irrigation wells have significantly lowered water tables in almost every state.

　　[J] As the worlds food security falls to pieces, individual countries acting in their own self-interest are actually worsening the troubles of many. The trend began in 2007, when leading wheat-exporting countries such as Russia and Argentina limited or banned their exports, in hopes of increasing local food supplies and thereby bringing down domestic food prices. Vietnam banned its exports for several months for the same reason. Such moves may eliminate the fears of those living in the exporting countries, but they are creating panic in importing countries that must rely on what is then left for export.

　　[K] In response to those restrictions, grain-importing countries are trying to nail down long-term trade agreements that would lock up future grain supplies. Food-import anxiety is even leading to new efforts by food-importing countries to buy or lease farmland in other countries. In spite of such temporary measures, soaring food prices and spreading hunger in many other countries are beginning to break down the social order.

　　[L] Since the current world food shortage is trend-driven, the environmental trends that cause it must be reversed. We must cut carbon emissions by 80% from their 2006 levels by 2020, stabilize the worlds population at eight billion by 2040, completely remove poverty, and restore forests and soils. There is nothing new about the four objectives. Indeed, we have made substantial progress in some parts of the world on at least one of these—the distribution of family-planning services and the associated shift to smaller families.

　　[M] For many in the development community, the four objectives were seen as positive, promoting development as long as they did not cost too much. Others saw them as politically correct and morally appropriate. Now a third and far more significant motivation presents itself: meeting these goals may be necessary to prevent the collapse of our civilization. Yet the cost we project for saving civilization would amount to less than $200 billion a year, 1/6 of current global military spending. In effect, our plan is the new security budget.

　　36. The more recent steep climb in grain prices partly results from the fact that more and more people want to consume meat products.

　　37. Social order is breaking down in many countries because of food shortages.

　　38. Rather than superpower conflict, countries unable to cope with food shortages now constitute the main threat to world security.

　　39. Some parts of the world have seen successful implementation of family planning.

　　40. The author has come to agree that food shortages could ultimately lead to the collapse of world civilization.

　　41. Increasing water shortages prove to be the biggest obstacle to boosting the worlds grain production.

　　42. The cost for saving our civilization would be considerably less than the world’s current military spending.

　　43. To lower domestic food prices, some countries limited or stopped their grain exports.

　　44. Environmental problems must be solved to ease the current global food shortage.

　　45. A quarter of this years American grain harvest will be used to produce bio-fuel for cars.

　　Section C

　　Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time，you should listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read for the second time，you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally，when the passage is read for the third time，you should check what you have written.

　　Passage One

　　Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.

　　Declining mental function is often seen as a problem of old age, but certain aspects of brain function actually begin their decline in young adulthood, a new study suggests.

　　The study, which followed more than 2,000 healthy adults between the ages of 18 and 60, found that certain mental functions—including measures of abstract reasoning, mental speed and puzzle-solving—started to dull as early as age 27.

　　Dips in memory, meanwhile, generally became apparent around age 37.

　　On the other hand, indicators of a persons accumulated knowledge—like performance on tests of vocabulary and general knowledge—kept improving with age, according to findings published in the journal Neurobiology of Aging.

　　The results do not mean that young adults need to start worrying about their memories. Most peoples minds function at a high level even in their later years, according to researcher Timothy Salthouse.

　　"These patterns suggest that some types of mental flexibility decrease relatively early in adulthood, but that the amount of knowledge one has, and the effectiveness of integrating it with ones abilities, may increase throughout all of adulthood if there are no diseases," Salthouse said in a news release.

　　The study included healthy, educated adults who took standard tests of memory, reasoning and perception at the outset and at some point over the next seven years.

　　The tests are designed to detect subtle (細微的) changes in mental function, and involve solving puzzles, recalling words and details from stories, and identifying patterns in collections of letters and symbols.

　　In general, Salthouse and his colleagues found, certain aspects of cognition (認知能力) generally started to decline in the late 20s to 30s.

　　The findings shed light on normal age-related changes in mental function, which could aid in understanding the process of dementia (癡呆), according to the researchers.

　　"By following individuals over time," Salthouse said, "we gain insight in cognition changes, and may possibly discover ways to slow the rate of decline."

　　The researchers are currently analyzing the study participants health and lifestyle to see which factors might influence age-related cognitive changes.

　　46. What is the common view of mental function?

　　A) It varies from person to person.

　　B) It weakens in ones later years.

　　C) It gradually expands with age.

　　D) It indicates ones health condition.

　　47. What does the new study find about mental functions?

　　A) Some diseases inevitably lead to their decline.

　　B) They reach a peak at the age of 20 for most people.

　　C) They are closely related to physical and mental exercise.

　　D) Some of them begin to decline when people are still young.

　　48. What does Timothy Salthouse say about people’s minds in most cases?

　　A) They tend to decline in peoples later years.

　　B) Their flexibility determines ones abilities.

　　C) They function quite well even in old age.

　　D) Their functioning is still a puzzle to be solved.

　　49. Although peoples minds may function less flexibly as they age, they _____.

　　A) may be better at solving puzzles

　　B) can memorize things with more ease

　　C) may have greater facility in abstract reasoning

　　D) can put what they have learnt into more effective use

　　50. According to Salthouse, their study may help us _____.

　　A) find ways to slow down our mental decline

　　B) find ways to boost our memories

　　C) understand the complex process of mental functioning

　　D) understand the relation between physical and mental health

　　Passage Two

　　Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.

　　The most important thing in the news last week was the rising discussion in Nashville about the educational needs of children. The shorthand (簡寫) educators use for this is "pre-K"—meaning instruction before kindergarten—and the big idea is to prepare 4-year-olds and even younger kids to be ready to succeed on their K-12 journey.

　　But it gets complicated. The concept has multiple forms, and scholars and policymakers argue about the shape, scope and cost of the ideal program.

　　The federal Head Start program, launched 50 years ago, has served more than 30 million children. It was based on concepts developed at Vanderbilt Universitys Peabody College by Susan Gray, the legendary pioneer in early childhood education research.

　　A new Peabody study of the Tennessee Voluntary Pre-K program reports that pre-K works, but the gains are not sustained through the third grade. It seems to me this highlights quality issues in elementary schools more than pre-K, and indicates longer-term success must connect pre-K with all the other issues related to educating a child.

　　Pre-K is controversial. Some critics say it is a luxury and shouldnt be free to families able to pay. Pre-K advocates insist it is proven and will succeed if integrated with the rest of the childs schooling. I lean toward the latter view.

　　This is, in any case, the right conversation to be having now as Mayor Megan Barry takes office. She was the first candidate to speak out for strong pre-K programming. The important thing is for all of us to keep in mind the real goal and the longer, bigger picture.

　　The weight of the evidence is on the side of pre-K that early intervention (干預) works. What government has not yet found is the political will to put that understanding into full practice with a sequence of smart schooling that provides the early foundation.

　　For this purpose, our schools need both the talent and the organization to educate each child who arrives at the schoolhouse door. Some show up ready, but many do not at this critical time when young brains are developing rapidly.

　　51. What does the author say about pre-kindergarten education?

　　A) It should cater to the needs of individual children.

　　B) It is essential to a persons future academic success.

　　C) Scholars and policymakers have different opinions about it.

　　D) Parents regard it as the first phase of childrens development.

　　52. What does the new Peabody study find?

　　A) Pre-K achievements usually do not last long.

　　B) The third grade marks a new phase of learning.

　　C) The third grade is critical to childrens development.

　　D) Quality has not been the top concern of pre-K programs.

　　53. When does the author think pre-K works the best?

　　A) When it is accessible to kids of all families.

　　B) When it is made part of kids education.

　　C) When it is no longer considered a luxury.

　　D) When it is made fun and enjoyable to kids.

　　54. What do we learn about Mayor Megan Barry?

　　A) She knows the real goal of education.

　　B) She is a mayor of insight and vision.

　　C) She has once run a pre-K program.

　　D) She is a firm supporter of pre-K.

　　55. What does the author think is critical to kids education?

　　A) Teaching method.

　　B) Kids interest.

　　C) Early intervention.

　　D) Parents involvement.

　　參考答案：

　　Reading Comprehension

　　26-35：KAILC GFEND

　　36-45：FKCLB HMJLG

　　46-55：BDCDA CABDC

　　6月英語四級閱讀理解真題及答案 2

　　British newspapers are much smaller than they used to be and their readers are often in a hurry ,so newspapermen write as few words as possible .They tell their readers at once what happened ,where ,when and how it happened and what was the result : how many people were killed ,what change was done and so on .Readers want the fact(事實) set out as fully and accurately as possible .Readers are also interested in the people who have seen the accident. So a newspaperman always likes to get some information (信息)from someone who was there, which can be given in the person’s own words .Because he can use only a few words ,the newspaperman must choose those words carefully ,every one must be effective(有效). Instead of “he called out in a loud voice”, he writes” he shouted”; instead of “the loose stones rolled noisily down the side of the mountain”, he will write” they thundered down the mountainside”. Because many of the readers aren’t very clever, and most of them are in a hurry.

　　1. From the text, we learn that newspapermen write as few words as possible ,because readers___.

　　A. want to know more about the news

　　B. take no interest in what has happened

　　C. have no time to read the news carefully

　　D. pay much attention to the result

　　2. The underlined word”one” in the text refers to ______. A.word B.newspaperman C.reader D.person

　　3. Which of the following would best complete the text ?

　　A. he will keep his writing short

　　B. he won’t care about his writing

　　C. he will give nothing but information

　　D. he won’t make his writing good enough.

　　4. In what way do you think British newspapers have become smaller?

　　A. In a page size. B. In number of readers.

　　C. In number of pages. D. In number of copies

　　5. Which of the following is true?

　　A. Readers are not satisfied with the short news.

　　B. Not many people have time to read the long articles in newspapers.

　　> C. Readers find the language of the newspapers exciting.

　　D. Newspapermen try to report as fully as possible.

　　CABAB

　　6月英語四級閱讀理解真題及答案 3

　　Long,long ago people made the first lightening(閃電).But they had to keep the fire burning,for they couldnt start it again if there was no lighting.Later,they found out hitting two pieces of stone together could make a spark(火花).The spark could fire dry leaves.In this way they could make the fire again if it went out .Then people also learned to make a fire by rubbing(摩擦).They made a hole on a piece of wood and put a smaller stick into the hole. They turned the stick again and again.After a few minutes they got a fire.

　　As years went by, people learned other way to make a fire.Sometimes they used the heat from the sun.They held a piece of glass in the right way and made a piece of paper on fire.

　　About two centuries ago, people began to make matches.Matches brought people a quick and easy way to make fires.Today matches are still being used, but people have more new ways to make fires.One of them is to use an electric fire starter.Of course an electric fire starter is much more expensive then a box of matches, But it is very useful.

　　1. From the text we know that a spark can________.

　　A.fire and leaves

　　B.burn anything

　　C.burn dry leaves

　　D.keep fire burning

　　2. We can also get a fire by__________.

　　A.making a hole on a big piece of wood

　　B.putting the smaller stick into the hole

　　C.turning the stick hard for a while

　　D.all above together

　　3. Matches have been used ___________.

　　A.for about two thousand years

　　B.for about two hundred yearsxschu.com

　　C.since people began to use fire for cooking

　　D.since people used the heat from the sun

　　4. From the text, we know that _________.

　　A.electric fire starters are widely usedbbs.

　　B.people havent used matches since they had electric fire starters

　　C.today there are only two ways to make fire

　　D.some forest fires happen from lighting

　　5. Which of the following is the right order of the ways to make fires that people got to know?

　　a.with a match

　　b.from the sun

　　c. from lightening

　　d.by rubbing

　　e. with an electric fire starter

　　A.a,b,c,d,c B.b,c,a,e,d

　　C.c,d,b,a,e D.d,a,c,b,e

　　A.but

　　B.and

　　C.so

　　D.or

　　3. The smile on my mothers face showed that she was _______with me.

　　A.sad

　　B.pleased

　　C.angry

　　D. sorry

　　4. Youd better _______the book to others.

　　A.dont lend

　　B.not to lend

　　C.didnt lend

　　D.not lend

　　5. The text is very easy for you. There are _____new words in it.

　　A.a few

　　B.a little

　　C. few

　　D.little

　　6. The box is________far for the boy______reach.

　　A.too....to....

　　B.to; too

　　C.so;that

　　D.no;to

　　7. May I use your dictionary? I want to ____a word.

　　A.look at

　　B.look for

　　C.look after

　　D.look up

　　8. ---Would you like some chicken ?

　　---_______.Ive had enough.

　　A. Yes, thank you.

　　B.No, thanks

　　C.Thats all right

　　D.Just fine.

　　答案：

　　1. C 解析：本題從第一段第四行可以得到答案。

　　2. D 解析：從第一段最后三行可以看出答案，前三個選項就是通過摩擦生火的三步。

　　3. B 解析：本題從第三段第一行可以得出答案。

　　4. A 解析：本題可用排除法，從最后一段可以把BC排除，文中并沒提到閃電造成的火災，所以D也不對，只能選A。

　　5. C 解析：從第一句看出第一句方式就是lighting,所以只能選C

　　6月英語四級閱讀理解真題及答案 4

　　As many as 10 of the 17 kinds of penguins（企鵝）may be in danger of disappearing. The number of penguins have decreased(減少) by 30% since 1987.

　　Penguins are black and white birds that live in the southern part of the world. They are common in South America，New Zealand，Australia and South Africa. Mary live near cold waters. But some live near warm waters in Galapagos Islands. Penguins cannot fly，but they are fine swimmers. Penguins eat fish and krill(磷蝦).

　　The warming of the earth is the decrease in penguin populations. The heating of the air has caused ocean waters to become warmer. Higher water temperatures have reduced the supply of fish and krill. Some years later these birds are completely unable to reproduce(繁殖). Besides，many adult penguins die of hunger.

　　Widespread(廣泛的) fishing，exploration for oil and oil leaks(漏) also make penguins be in danger. Poisonous organisms(生物) in ocean water are another danger. Penguins also have their enemies，including wild dogs，sharks，seals and sea lions.

　　News about penguins is not all bad，however. Several years ago，oil leaking from a ship hurt 40% of the penguins in South Africa. The penguins became covered with oil. But thousands of people helped clean and treat the birds well. Then they returned the penguins to the wild. Now these South African penguins are reproducing in higher numbers than before the oil leaking.

　　根據(jù)短文內容，選擇正確答案。

　　1. Penguins ___________.

　　A. can swim better than fly

　　B. can be found near Oceania (大洋洲)

　　C. eat fish only

　　D. live only in cold waters.

　　2. Which of the following is NOT the cause of penguins decrease in numbers?

　　A. Oil searching. B. Widespread fishing.

　　C. Humans killing. D. Warming of the oceans.

　　3. Why are the penguins in South Africa reproducing in higher numbers than before the oil leaking?

　　A. Because people removed the ship.

　　B. Because people sent a lot of penguins to the wild.

　　C. Because people helped the penguins.

　　D. Because people treated the penguins well.

　　答案及解析：

　　1. 選B，我們知道企鵝不會飛，因此A不正確，除了吃魚，他還吃磷蝦，因此C不正確。只能選B。

　　2. 選C，本文中并沒有說人類是如何捕殺企鵝，相反，人類對企鵝的態(tài)度相當友好。

　　3. 選C，根據(jù)文章可以判斷是由于人類的.幫助。

　　6月英語四級閱讀理解真題及答案 5

　　Section B

　　Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.

　　You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

　　Addicted, Really?

　　A. Mental-health specialists disagree over whether to classify compulsive online behaviour as addiction---and how to treat it. Craig Smallwood, a disabled American war veteran, spent more than 20,000 hours over five years playing an online role-playing game called "Lineage II". When NCsoft, the South Korean firm behind the game, accused him of breaking the games rules and banned him, he was plunged into depression, severe paranoia (偏執(zhí)) and hallucinations (幻想). He spent three weeks in hospital. After that, he sued NCsoft for fraud and negligence (過失 ), demanding over $ 9m in damages and claiming that the company acted negligently by failing to warn him of the danger that he would become "addicted" to the game.

　　B. But does it make sense to talk of addiction to online activity? Mental-health specialists say three online behaviors can become problematic for many people: video games, pornography ( 色情作品 ) and messaging via e-mail and social networks. But there is far less agreement about whether any of this should be called "Internet addiction"--or how to treat it.

　　C. Some mental-health specialists wanted "Internet addiction" to be included in the fifth version of psychiatrys bible, the"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders", known as DSM-V, which is currently being overhauled (全面修訂). The American Medical Association endorsed (贊成) the idea in 2007, only to backtrack( 放棄) days later. The American Journal of Psychiatry called Internet addiction a &;quot;common disorder" and supported its recognition. Last year the DSM-V drafting group made its decision: lnteruet addiction would not be included as a "behavioral addiction"--only gambling made the cut--but it said further study was necessary.

　　D. Skeptics say there is nothing uniquely addictive about the Internet. Back in 2000, Joseph Walther, a communications professor at Michigan State University, co-wrote an article in which he suggested, tongue in cheek, that the criteria used to call someone an Internet addict might also show that most professors were "addicted" to academia (學術活動). He argued that other factors, such as depression, are the real problem.

　　He stands by that view today. "No scientific evidence has emerged to suggest that lnternet use is a cause rather than a consequence of some other sort of issue," he says. "Focusing on and treating people for Internet addiction, rather than looking for underlying clinical issues, is definitely unwise."

　　E. Others disagree. "That would be wrong," says Kimberly Young, a researcher and therapist who has worked on Interact addiction since 1994. She insists that the Internet, with its powerfully immersive environments, creates new problems that people must learn to navigate(應對). Otherwise, the changing lifestyle will affect the development of the society.

　　F.No one disputes that online habits can turn toxic. Take South Korea, where widespread broadband means that the average high-school student plays video games for 23 hours each week. In 2007 the government estimated that around 210,000 children needed treatment for Internet addiction. In 2010 newspapers around the globe carried the story of a South Korean couple who fed their infant daughter so little that she starved to death. Instead of caring for the child, the couple spent most nights at an Internet cafe, sinking hours into a role- playing game in which they raised, fed and cared for a virtual daughter. And several South Korean men have died from exhaustion after marathon, multi-day gaming sessions.

　　G. The South Korean government has since asked game developers to adopt a gaming curfew (宵禁) for children, to prevent them playing between midnight and 8 a.m. At the same time, it has also opened more than 100 clinics for Internet addiction and sponsored an "Internet rescue camp" for serious cases.

　　H. But compulsive behaviour is not limited to garners. E-mail or web-use behaviours can also show signs of addiction. Getting through a business lunch in which no one pulls out a phone to check their messages now counts as a minor miracle in many quarters. A deluge (泛濫) of self-help books, most recently "Alone Together" by Sherry Turlde, a social scientist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, offer advice on how to unplug (去除障礙).

　　I.Pornography is hardly new, either, but the Internet makes accessing it much easier than ever before. When something can be summoned in an instant via broadband, whether it is a game world, an e-mail inbox or pornographic material, it is harder to resist. New services lead to new complaints. When online auction sites first became popular, talk of "eBay addiction" soon followed. Dr. Young says women complain to her now about addiction to Facebook--or even to "FarmVille", a game playable only within Facebook.

　　J.Treatment centres have popped up around the world with the popularity of online games. In 2006 Amsterdams Smith &; Jones facility billed itself as "the first and, currently, the only residential video-game treatment program in the world". In America the reSTART Internet Addiction Recovery Program claims to treat Internet addiction, gaming addiction, and even "texting addiction". In China, meanwhile, military-style "boot camps" are the preferred way to treat Internet problems.

　　K. Yet many people like feeling permanently connected. As Arikia Millikan, an American blogger, once put it, "If I could be jacked in at every waking hour of the day, I would, and I think a lot of my peers would do the, same." Bob LaRose, an Internet specialist at Michigan State University, doesnt believe her. In his research on college students, he found that most sense when they are "going overboard and restore self-control". Less than1% have a pathological(病態(tài)的) problem, he adds. For most people, Internet use "is just a habit--and one that brings us pleasure."

　　46. According to Joseph Walther, it is unwise to emphasize the treatment of Internet addiction instead of seeking for potential clinical issues.

　　47. As online games become popular, treatment centres have sprung up all over the world.

　　48. After playing online games continuously for days, several South Korean men were exhausted to death.

　　49. Smallwood sued NCsoft and claimed a huge compensation for fraud and its negligence of warning him of the danger of game addiction.

　　50. In South Korea, a gaming curfew for children was adopted to prevent children playing after midnight.

　　5l. Internet addiction still needs to be further studied though the DSM-V did not categorize it as a "behavioral addiction".

　　52. An lnternet specialist found that most college students could realize when they are going too far and restore self-control.

　　53. According to mental-health specialists, for many people, video games, pornography and messaging via e-mail and social networks can become problematic online behaviors.

　　54. People regard it as a small miracle if nobody takes out a phone to read the messages at a business lunch.

　　55. Kimberly Young insists that people must learn to deal with new problems brought about by the Interact.

　　【參考譯文】

　　真的是“上癮”嗎

　　A.強迫性的上網(wǎng)行為是否屬于成癮行為，又該如何治療，心理健康專家對此意見不一。Craig Smallwood是美國的一位傷殘退伍軍人。五年間，他花了兩萬多小時玩一個名為“天堂Ⅱ”的在線角色扮演類游戲。當該游戲的開發(fā)商，韓國NCsoft公司指責Craig違反游戲規(guī)則，并將他的游戲賬號封停時，他突然陷入抑郁及嚴重的偏執(zhí)和幻想之中。[49]他到醫(yī)院接受了三周的治療。在這之后，smanwood以欺詐和過失為由控告Ncsoft公司，聲稱該公司沒有告誡他該游戲的“網(wǎng)癮”危害，要求獲得900多萬美元的賠償金。

　　B.但是上網(wǎng)是否屬于一種成癮的行為呢?[53]心理健康專家認為有三種網(wǎng)絡行為對很多人來說可能是問題性的(即容易停不下來)：玩電子游戲、瀏覽色情作品以及通過電子郵件和社交網(wǎng)絡收發(fā)信息。然而，關于這些網(wǎng)絡行為是否能被稱為“網(wǎng)癮”，又該如何治療，專家們遠未達成一致。

　　C.一些心理健康專家希望將“網(wǎng)癮”列入新近正在全面修訂的第五版精神病學的圣經(jīng)——《精神疾病診斷與統(tǒng)計手冊》(即第五版DSM)中。2007年，美國醫(yī)學會曾一度贊成這一想法，但數(shù)天之后卻改變了態(tài)度�！睹绹癫W雜志》將網(wǎng)癮稱作一種“常見疾病”，并主張予以認定。[51]去年，第五版《精神疾病診斷與統(tǒng)計手冊》編撰小塑決定，網(wǎng)癮將不會被劃入“行為成癮”范疇——只有賭博行為被劃入此列—二但是有必要對網(wǎng)癮進一步展開研究。

　　D.持懷疑態(tài)度的人認為，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)并沒有讓人上癮的特性。早在2000年，美國密歇根州立大學傳播學教授Joseph Walther就曾在與他人合作的一篇文章中頗具諷刺性地寫道，用來評價某人是“網(wǎng)絡狂”的那個標準或許也顯示了大多數(shù)的教授都是“學術狂”。Walther教授認為，諸如抑郁等其他因素才是真正的問題所在。他至今仍堅持這種觀點。他說：“尚無科學依據(jù)證實網(wǎng)癮是由于使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，而不是由其他因素造成的。[46]如果只是關注和治療上網(wǎng)成癮，而不去尋找潛藏的臨床問題，這絕對是不明智的�！�

　　E.也有人反對這種說法。自1994年便開始研究網(wǎng)癮的研究員、心理治療師KimbertyYoung表示：“那種說法可能有誤。”[55]Young強調，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)環(huán)境具有強大的吸引力，人們必須學會應對由其引發(fā)的新問題。否則，不斷變化的生活方式將會影響社會的發(fā)展。

　　F.沒有人質疑習慣性上網(wǎng)會對人有害(這個事實)。以韓國為例，寬帶的普及導致韓國的高中生平均每周玩23個小時的電子游戲。2007年，韓國政府估計有近21萬的兒童需要接受網(wǎng)癮治療。2010年全球的報紙都報道了一則新聞，即一對韓國夫妻因喂養(yǎng)不足導致女嬰被餓死。這對夫妻不照顧現(xiàn)實中的親生女兒，卻大多數(shù)夜晚都泡在網(wǎng)吧里，沉浸在一個在線喂養(yǎng)和照顧虛擬女兒的角色扮演游戲中。[48]另外，還有幾名韓國男性多日持續(xù)沉浸于網(wǎng)絡游戲，因疲勞過度而死亡。

　　G.[50]此后，韓國政府要求游戲開發(fā)商對兒童采取網(wǎng)游宵禁，禁止他們在午夜到早晨8點之間玩游戲。同時，政府還開設了100家網(wǎng)癮治療診所，并資助了針對嚴重病例開辦的“網(wǎng)癮拯救營”。

　　H.但強迫性上網(wǎng)行為并不僅僅局限于網(wǎng)游玩家。使用電子郵件和瀏覽網(wǎng)頁也可能表現(xiàn)出上癮的跡象。[54]如果在一次商業(yè)午餐中，沒有人拿出手機查看信息，那么在許多人看來這都算是個小小的奇跡�，F(xiàn)在有許多“自救”書籍，例如美國麻省理工學院的社會學家Sherry Turkle最近就出版了一本新書《一起孤獨》，書中為如何擺脫網(wǎng)癮提供了建議。

　　I.色情作品由來已久，但是網(wǎng)絡讓人們比以往更容易接觸到色情資源。無論是游戲還是電子郵件，或是色情資源，只要是能夠通過寬帶網(wǎng)絡立刻獲得的東西，人們就很難抵擋其誘惑。新型服務會滋生新的問題。自網(wǎng)上拍賣網(wǎng)站開始流行后，不久“eBay上癮”的說法就隨之而來。Young醫(yī)生表示，現(xiàn)在有很多女性向她訴苦，因為Facebook或只能在Facebook上玩的“開心農(nóng)場”游戲讓她們非常上癮。

　　J.[47]墮著網(wǎng)絡游戲的流行，治療中心在全球如雨后春筍般出現(xiàn)。2006年，位于阿姆斯特丹的史密斯與瓊斯治療中心成立，并自稱為“目前世界上第一家、也是唯一一家寄宿式電子游戲癮治療中心”。美國reSTART網(wǎng)癮康復項目聲稱能治療網(wǎng)癮、游戲癮，甚至還有“短信癮”。在中國，軍事化管理的“訓練營”成為了治療網(wǎng)癮的主要方式。

　　K.然而許多人喜歡保持在線的感覺。美國的一位博主ArikiaMillikan曾經(jīng)說過：“如果可以的話，我愿意在我醒著的每時每刻都在線，我相信我的很多同齡人也會這么做。”然而，美國密歇根州立大學的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)專家BobLaRose對此表示懷疑。[52]在他對大學生展開的一項研究中，LaRose發(fā)現(xiàn)他們中的大多數(shù)人一旦感覺自己玩得太過火，就會恢復自控。LaRose還表示，只有不到1%的人會出現(xiàn)病態(tài)問題。對于大部分人來說，使用網(wǎng)絡“只是一種習慣——并且是一種能夠帶來快樂的習慣”。

　　【答案解析】

　　46.D

　　解析：題干意為，根據(jù)JosephWalther所說，只關注對上網(wǎng)成癮的治療，而不尋找其潛在的臨床問題，這是不明智的。注意抓住題干中的關鍵信息Joseph Walther、unwise、instead of和potential clinicalissues，文中論及JosephWalther教授觀點的內容出現(xiàn)在D段，該段倒數(shù)第二句提到，Walther教授認為尚無科學依據(jù)證實網(wǎng)癮是由于使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，而不是由其他因素造成的。該段最后一句則提到，Walther教授認為，如果只是關注和治療上網(wǎng)成癮，而不去尋找潛藏的臨床問題，這絕對是不明智的。由此可知，題干是對原文的同義轉述，故答案為D。

　　47.J

　　解析：題干意為，隨著網(wǎng)絡游戲變得流行，治療中心在全球各地不斷涌現(xiàn)。注意抓住題干中的關鍵信息online games、popular和treatment centres。文中論及全球涌現(xiàn)治療中心的內容出現(xiàn)在J段，該段首句提到，隨著網(wǎng)絡游戲的流行，治療中心在全球如雨后春筍般出現(xiàn)。其中，題干中的spring up對應原文中的popup，由此可知，題干是對原文的同義轉述，故答案為J。

　　48.F

　　解析：題干意為，在數(shù)日不間斷地玩網(wǎng)絡游戲之后，幾名韓國男性因精疲力竭而死。注意抓住題干中的關鍵信息several South Korean men和exhausted。文中論及韓國人受到網(wǎng)癮危害的內容出現(xiàn)在F段，該段第一句提到人們一致認為上網(wǎng)成癮對人有害。該段最后一句則提到了幾名韓國男性多日持續(xù)沉浸于網(wǎng)絡游戲，因疲勞過度而死亡的例子。由此可知，題于是對原文的同義轉述，故答案為F。

　　49.A

　　解析：題干意為，Smallwood以欺詐和疏于告知其可能游戲成癮的'罪名控告NCsoft公司，并索取巨額的賠償。注意抓住題干中的關鍵信息Smallwood、NCsoft和fraudanditsnegligence。文中論及Smallwood的內容出現(xiàn)在A段，該段提到，Craig SmMlwood因違反游戲規(guī)則，被游戲開發(fā)商韓國NCsoft公司封停了游戲賬號，為此他極度抑郁，并陷入嚴重的偏執(zhí)和幻想中。該段最后一句提到，Smallwoo以欺詐和過失為由控告NCsoft公司，聲稱該公司沒有告誡他該游戲的“網(wǎng)癮”危害，要求獲得900多萬美元的賠償金。由此可知，題干是對原文的同義轉述，故答案為A。

　　50.G

　　解析：題干意為，在韓國實行了網(wǎng)游宵禁，以阻止兒童在午夜之后繼續(xù)玩網(wǎng)絡游戲。注意抓住題干中的關鍵信息SouthKorea和gaming curfew。文中論及韓國實行網(wǎng)游宵禁的內容出現(xiàn)在G段，該段第一句提到，韓國政府要求游戲開發(fā)商對兒童采取網(wǎng)游宵禁，禁止他們在午夜到早晨8點之間玩游戲。由此可知，題干是對原文的同義轉述，故答案為G。

　　51.C

　　解析：題干意為，盡管第五版的《精神疾病診斷與統(tǒng)計手冊》沒有將網(wǎng)癮歸為“行為成癮”，但是這種現(xiàn)象仍然需要進一步研究。注意抓住題干中的關鍵信息lntemet addiction、further studied和behavioraladdiction。文中論及第五版的《精神疾病診斷與統(tǒng)計手冊》如何界定網(wǎng)癮的內容出現(xiàn)在c段。該段最后一句提到，去年，第五版《精神疾病診斷與統(tǒng)計手冊》編撰小組決定，網(wǎng)癮將不會被劃入“行為成癮”范疇——只有賭博行為被劃入此列——但是有必要對網(wǎng)癮進一步展開研究。由此可知，題干是對原文的同義轉述，故答案為C。

　　52.K

　　解析：題干意為，一位互聯(lián)網(wǎng)專家發(fā)現(xiàn)大多數(shù)學生在意識到自己玩得太過火后，就會恢復自控。注意抓住題干中的關鍵信息college students和restore self-control。文中論及大學生可以自控上網(wǎng)行為的內容出現(xiàn)在K段，該段第四句提到，在對大學生展開的一項研究中，BobLaRose發(fā)現(xiàn)他們中的大多數(shù)人一旦感覺自己玩得太過火，就會恢復自控。由此可知，題干是對原文的同義轉述，故答案為K。

　　53.B

　　解析：題干意為，根據(jù)心理健康專家所說，對于很多人來說，玩電子游戲、瀏覽色情作品以及通過電子郵件和社會網(wǎng)絡收發(fā)信息這三種網(wǎng)絡行為可能會成為問題。注意抓住題干中的關鍵信息mental-healthspecialists、video games、pornography and messagin9和problematic。文中論及這一事實的內容出現(xiàn)在B段，該段第二句提到，心理健康專家認為有三種網(wǎng)絡行為對很多人來說可能是問題性的(即容易停不下來)：玩電子游戲、瀏覽色情作品以及通過電子郵件和社交網(wǎng)絡收發(fā)信息。由此可知，題干是對原文的同義轉述，故答案為B。

　　54.H

　　解析：題干意為，在許多人看來，如果在一次商業(yè)午餐中，沒有人拿出手機查看信息，那這簡直是一個小的奇跡。注意抓住題干中的關鍵信息miracle、a phone和a business lunch。文中論及商業(yè)午餐的內容出現(xiàn)在H段。該段第三句提到，如果在一次商業(yè)午餐中，沒有人拿出手機查看信息，那么在許多人看來這都算是個小小的奇跡。由此可知，題干是對原文的同義轉述，故答案為H。

　　55.E

　　解析：題干意為，KimbedyYoung強調人們必須學會應對互聯(lián)網(wǎng)引發(fā)的新問題。注意抓住題干中的關鍵信息Kimberly Young insists、new problems和the Intemet。文中論及Kimberly Young相關觀點的內容出現(xiàn)在E段，該段第三句提到，Youn9強調，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)環(huán)境具有強大的吸引力，人們必須學會應對由其引發(fā)的新問題。由此可知，題干是對原文的同義轉述，故答案為E。

　　6月英語四級閱讀理解真題及答案 6

　　Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:

　　It is simple enough to say that since books have classes fiction, biography, poetry—we should separate them and take from each what it is right that each should give us. Yet few people ask from books what books can give us. Most commonly we come to books with blurred and divided minds, asking of fiction that it shall be true, of poetry that it shall be false, of biography that it shall be flattering, of history that it shall enforce our own prejudices. If we could banish all such preconception when we read, that would be an admirable beginning. Do not dictate to your author; try to become him. Be his fellow worker and accomplice(同謀). If you hang back, and reserve and criticize at first, you are preventing yourself from getting the fullest possible value from what you read. But if you open your mind as widely as possible, then signs and hints of almost imperceptible finess, from the twist and turn of the first sentences, will bring you into the presence of a human being unlike any other. Steep yourself in this, acquaint yourself with this, and soon you will find that your author is giving you, or attempting to give you, something far more definite. The thirty two chapters of anovel—if we consider how to read a novel first—are an attempt to make something as formed and controlled as a building but words are more impalpable than bricks, reading is a longer and more complicated process than seeing. Perhaps the quickest way to understand the elements of what a novelist is doing is not to read, but to write; to make your own experiment with the dangers and difficulties of words. Recall, then, some event that has left a distinct impression on you—how at the corner of the street, perhaps, you passed two people talking. A tree shook; an electric light danced; the tone of the talk was comic, but also tragic; a whole vision, an entire conception, seemed contained in that moment.

　　21.What does the author mean by saying “Yet few people ask from books what books can give us.”?

　　A.The author means that lots of people read few books.

　　B.The author thinks that readers have only absorbed part of knowledge in books.

　　C.The author holds that few people have a proper idea about what content some kind of books should include.

　　D.The author considers that readers can scarcely understand most of the books.

　　22.According to the passage, which of the following statement is right?

　　A.A reader should find some mistakes when he is reading.

　　B.The more difficult a book is, the more you can get from it.

　　C.To read something is easier than to watch something.

　　D.One should be in the same track with the writer when he is reading.

　　23.What is the possible meaning of “impalpable” (Paragraph 2) in the passage?

　　A.Clear. B.Elusive. C.Delicate. D.Precise.

　　24.What’s the main idea of this passage?

　　A.The importance of reading. B.The proper way to read.

　　C.How to get most from one book. D.The characters of a good book.

　　25.When a writer is writing he often get the whole conception ____.

　　A.after a long time’s thinking

　　B.through an instant inspiration

　　C.according to his own experience

　　D.by way of watching the objects attentively

　　參考答案：

　　21.答案C。解答此題，正確理解“Yes…us”一句含義是關鍵。其實質含義是：“許多人讀書時因觀念不正確，而僅僅能從書本中得到很少的知識獲得很少的啟迪”。這樣，我們就可以對選項進行逐個分析取舍了。A項意為“作者認為許多人讀的書都太少”，顯然與我們的分析不符。B項意為“作者認為讀者僅僅從書中汲取了部分知識�！边@句話只是引文部分的字面含義，所以也應排除。再看C項作者認為許多人對某類書應該包含什么樣的內容沒有正確的.觀念。這才是作者的隱含意思，所以是正確的。而D項“作者認為許多讀者對大量的書都不能讀懂�！边@也是一種錯誤的理解，也應排除。這樣就可確定選項為C。

　　22.答案D。此題只能用排除法，去掉與文章細節(jié)不符的選項。選項A意為“讀者在閱讀時應該能發(fā)現(xiàn)一些錯誤�！蔽恼轮袥]有此細節(jié)，可排除。B項“一本書越難讀，從中得到知識也越多�！币才c文意無關。再看C項“閱讀比觀看容易�！备鶕�(jù)文章第二段第四句最后一分句可知這正與作者的觀點相反，故也排除。最后只剩下D項，應為正確答案。而其內容“讀者在閱讀時應和作者保持一致�！闭亲髡叩挠^點，無疑正確。

　　23.答案B。先看上文：作家想把素材安排得像一座完整的大房，使之具體化。接下來就是含有“impalpable”一句。句首用“but”引導，有轉折含義。所以此單詞意義可能與“具體”相對。再看下文，閱讀比觀看更復雜和費時。這樣，該詞的含義就可以基本確定了，應該是“非常抽象難以捉摸的”之類的意思。(這里與”磚頭”相比，更加強了這一點)據(jù)此可排除A、D項。C項意為“微妙”，意近。但B項恰好意為“難以捉摸的”，更與生詞含義接近，所以應選B。此題目C項干擾性較大，注意要避免匆忙選擇，而功虧一簣。

　　24.答案B。解答此題關鍵在于先弄清文章的主旨和大意。在此基礎上就可進行選棄了。此短文主要講“何為正確的讀書方法”。據(jù)此，A項“閱讀的重要性”，C項“如何從書中獲取最多的信息”，D項“一本好書的特征”，均不能選。而B項“何為正確的讀書方法”，正與我們的分析不謀而合，所以B為正確答案無疑。

　　25.答案B。答案可從文章最后一句獲得。解答此類題的關鍵就是找到并正確理解有關細節(jié)。根據(jù)最后一句可知“作家構思的獲得是通過瞬間的感悟�！笨纱_定：B項為正確答案。

　　6月英語四級閱讀理解真題及答案 7

　　The English policeman has several nicknames (綽號) but the most frequently used are "copper" and "bobby". The first name comes from the verb "to cop " (which is also slang ) , meaning " to take " or " to capture ", and the second comes from the first name of Sir Robert Peel, the nineteenth-century politician, who was the founder of the police force as we know it today. An early nickname for the policeman was "peeler", but this one has died out.

　　Whatever we may call them, the general opinion of the police seems to be a favorable one; except, of course, among the criminal part of the community where the police are given more derogatory nicknames which originated in America, such as "fuzz" or "pig". Visitors to England seem nearly always to be very impressed by the English police. It has, in fact, become a standing joke that the visitor to Britain, when asked for his views of the country, will always say, at some point or other, "I think your policemen are wonderful. "

　　Well, the British bobby may not always be wonderful but he is usually a very friendly and helpful sort of character. A music-hall song of some years ago was called "If You Want To Know The Time, Ask A Policeman". Nowadays, most people own watches but they still seem to find plenty of other questions to ask the policeman. In London, the policemen spend so much of their time directing visitors about the city that one wonders how they ever find time to do anything else!

　　Two things are immediately noticeable to the stranger when he sees an English policeman for the first time. The first is that he does not carry a pistol (手槍) and the second is that he wears a very distinctive type of headgear, the policemans helmet. His helmet, together with his height, enable an English policeman to be seen from a considerable distance, a fact that is not without its usefulness. From time to time it is suggested that the policeman should be given a pistol and that his helmet should be taken from him, but both these suggestions are resisted by the majority of the public and the police themselves.

　　21. Nowadays British people call the policeman_______.

　　A. pig B. peeler

　　C. fuzz D. bobby

　　22. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

　　A. There are fewer criminals in America than in Britain.

　　B. The English police usually leave a deep impression on visitors.

　　C. The British bobby is friendly but not helpful.

　　D. The English police enjoy having pistols.

　　23. If you see an English policeman for the first time, you will probably notice at once that

　　A. he often tells people time B. he is usually very helpful

　　C. he has a helmet on his head D. he wears special clothes

　　24. That an English policeman can be seen from some distance is _______.

　　A. of some help to people B. of no help to people

　　C. very strange and funny D. a standing joke

　　25. Visitors praise the English police because_______.

　　A. they are armed with modern equipment

　　B. they obey orders

　　C. they are often given thanks by people

　　D. they are polite and helpful

　　答案：21. D 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. D

　　6月英語四級閱讀理解真題及答案 8

　　Personality is , to large extent, inherent --A-type parents usually bring about A-type offspring. But the environment must also have a profound effect, since if competition is improtant to the parents, it is likely to become a major factor lives of their children.

　　One place where children soak up A characteristics is school, which is, by its very nature, a highly competitive institution. Too many schools adopt the "win at all costs" moral standard and measure their success by sporting achievements. The current passion for making children compete against their classmates or against the clock produces a two-layer system, in which competitive A types seem in some way better than their B-type fellows. Being too keen to win can have dangerous consequences:remember that Pheidippides ,the first marathon runner, dropped dead seconds after saying:"Rejoice, we conquer!".

　　By far the worst form of competition in school is the disproportionate emphasis on examinations . It is a rare school that allows pupils to concentrate on those things they do well.The merits of competition by examination are somewhat questionable, but competition in the certain knowledge of failure is positively harmful.

　　Obviously, it is neither practical nor desirable that all A youngsters change into Bs. The would needs types, and schools have an important duty to try to fit a childs personality to his possible future employment. It is top management.

　　1. According to the author, what factors contribute to the building of personality?

　　A. inheritance

　　b. inheritance, competition and environment

　　c. competition

　　d. environment

　　2.Which of the following statements is not true according to the author of the passage?

　　A. Schools usually adopt severe competitive policies.

　　B. Students are often divided by competition results.

　　C. School is place where children cultivate their characteristics.

　　D. The stronger desire for winning, the better.

　　3.The phrase "soak up" is closest in meaning to ____.

　　A. pull up b. take up c. take in d. pull in

　　4.What attitude does the author hold toward examinations in schools?

　　A. positive b. negative c. doubtful d. neutral

　　5.what suggestion does the author make concerning the management of schools?

　　A. All students be made into competitive A types.

　　B. A childs personality be considered in regard to his possible future job.

　　C. All students be changed into B characteristics.

　　D. Schools abolish all forms of examinations.

　　答案:bdccb

　　6月英語四級閱讀理解真題及答案 9

　　Humanity uses a little less than half the water available worldwide. Yet occurrences of shortages and droughts (干旱) are causing famine and distress in some areas, and industrial and agricultural by-products are polluting water supplies. Since the world’ population is expected to double in the next 50 years, many experts think we are on the edge of a widespread water crisis.

　　But that doesn’t have to be the outcome. Water shortages do not have to trouble the world—if we start valuing water more than we have in the past. Just as we began to appreciate petroleum more after the 1970s oil crises, today we must start looking at water from a fresh economic perspective. We can no longer afford to consider water a virtually free

　　resource of which we can use as much as we like in any way we want.

　　Instead, for all uses except the domestic demand of the poor, governments should price water to reflect its actual value. This means charging a fee for the water itself as well as for the supply costs.

　　Governments should also protect this resource by providing water in more economically and environmentally sound ways. For example, often the cheapest way to provide irrigation (灌溉) water in the dry tropics is through small-scale projects, such as gathering rainfall in depressions (凹地) and pumping it to nearby cropland.

　　No matter what steps governments take to provide water more efficiently, they must change their institutional and legal approaches to water sue. Rather than spread control among hundreds or even thousands of local, regional, and national agencies that watch various aspects of water use, countries should set up central authorities to coordinate water policy.

　　1. What is the real cause of the potential water crisis?

　　A) The world population is increasing faster and faster.

　　B) Half of the world’s water resources have been seriously polluted.

　　C) Humanity has not placed sufficient value on water resources.

　　D) Only half of the world’s water can be used.

　　2. As indicated in the passage, the water problem ________.

　　A) has been exaggerated by some experts in the field

　　B) is underestimated by government organizations at different levels

　　C) poses a challenge to the technology of building reservoirs

　　D) is already serious in certain parts of the world

　　3. According to the author, the water price should ________.

　　A) correspond to its real value

　　B) be reduced to the minimum

　　C) stimulate domestic demand

　　D) take into account the occurrences of droughts

　　4. The author says that in some hot and dry areas it is advisable to ________.

　　A) build big lakes to store water

　　B) construct big pumping stations

　　C) channel water from nearby rivers to cropland

　　D) build small and cheap irrigation systems

　　5. In order to raise the efficiency of the water supply, measures should be taken to ________.

　　A) centralize the management of water resources

　　B) increase the sense of responsibility of agencies at all levels

　　C) guarantee full protection of the environment

　　D) encourage local and regional control of water resources

　　參考答案

　　1. D 2. A 3. C 4.C 5. B

　　6月英語四級閱讀理解真題及答案 10

　　Back in the old days, when I was a child, we sat around the family roundtable at dinnertime and exchanged our daily experiences. It wasnt very organized, but everyone was recognized and all the news that had to be told was told by each family member.

　　We listened to each other and the interest was not put-on; it was real. Our family was a unit and we supported each other, and nurtured each other, and liked each other, and—we were even willing to admit—we loved each other.

　　Today, the family roundtable has moved to the local fast-food restaurant and talk is not easy, much less encouraged.

　　Grandma, who used to live upstairs, is now. the voice on long distance, and the working parent is far too beaten down each day to spend evening relaxation time listening to the sandbox experience of an eager four-year-old.

　　So family conversation is as extinct as my old toys and parental questions such as "What have you been doing, Bobby?" have been replaced by "Im busy, go watch television. "

　　And watch TV they do; count them by the millions.

　　But its usually not childrens television that children watch. Saturday morning, the childrens hour, amounts to only about 8 percent of their weekly viewing.

　　Where are they to be found? Watching adult television, of course, from the Match Game in the morning, to the afternoon at General Hospital, from the muggings and battles on the evening news right through the family hour and past into Starsky and Hutch. Thats where you find our kids, over five million of them, at 10 p. m. , not fewer than a million until after midnight! All of this is done with parental permission.

　　Television, used well, can provide enriching experiences for our young people, but we must use it with some sense. When the carpet is clean, we turn off the vacuum cleaner. When the dishes are clean, the dishwasher turns itself off.

　　Not so the television, which is on from the sun in the morning to the moon at night and beyond!

　　Parents must exercise some control and show some concern about the cultural influence on the child when a program not intended for that child is viewed. Parents need to intervene (干涉). Nonintervention may be a wise policy in international affairs, but the results of parental nonintervention will not be wise at all.

　　26. From the first two paragraphs one may infer that the writers a attitude towards "the old days" is______.

　　A. preferring B. hating

　　C. being tired of D. disappointing

　　27. The working parent is not willing to listen to her (his) four-year-old child talking about his sandbox games because she (he) is______.

　　A. boring B. very tired

　　C. busy D. angry

　　28. According to the writer, the responsibility for the kids watching adult television and watching it for a long time should be undertaken by______.

　　A. the television stations B. the society

　　C. TV programs D. their parents

　　29. If we use television with some ______television can provide our young people with

　　much knowledge.

　　A. instruction of experts B. judgment of our own

　　C. direction of engineers D. indication of teachers

　　30. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?

　　A. Parental nonintervention will not be praised.

　　B. Nonintervention may be a good policy in international affairs.

　　C. Parents must exercise some control and show some concern about the cultural influence on the children.

　　D. Parents need to intervene.

　　參考答案：