萬(wàn)圣節(jié)的活動(dòng)英文
人們通過(guò)參加萬(wàn)圣節(jié)的各種活動(dòng)，也能感受到外國(guó)節(jié)日的樂(lè)趣。眾多的商家也從中發(fā)現(xiàn)商機(jī)，積極推動(dòng)有關(guān)節(jié)日的營(yíng)銷(xiāo)活動(dòng)。以下是小編整理的萬(wàn)圣節(jié)的活動(dòng)英文，歡迎閱讀。
【萬(wàn)圣節(jié)活動(dòng)英語(yǔ)介紹】
Pumpkin lanterns
Pumpkins are on salein shops and supermarkets from as early as the beginning of October.
By the last week of October you can see pumpkin lanterns everywhere in shop windows and in peoples houses.
Although British people used to use potatoes and turnips, now they use pumpkins to make Jack-o-lanterns unique to the Halloween season.
The name“Jack-o-lantern"comes from an Irish folktale about a man named Stingy Jack who, because of his bad nature, was doomed to roam the earth without a resting place and with only his lit lantern to light the way in the darkness.
Trick or treating
Children love this game! They dress up and then knock on the doors of peoples houses in their neighbourhood asking for a ‘trick or treat’. The neighbour gives them chocolates, sweets or money as a ‘treat’.
If there is no treat, the children play a trick on the neighbour, for example, they might throw soap at the window.
It only happens once a year so even the stingiest adultsmightgive something to the kids as a treat!
Halloween parties
Across the UK, people throw parties to celebrate Halloween. The biggest Halloween party has to be in Sheffield at the end of October.
A lot of people go there to experience Fright Night. Can you image a party with about 40,000 people?
There are activities for people of all ages: fancy dress catwalk, urban dance, a monster in a fountain and a zombie garden, as well as the traditional apple bobbing and a competition for the best pumpkin lantern.
Apple bobbing
This is a fun and competitive game which is very traditional. What you do is to place lots of apples in a large tub or a bowl of water - not too cold or too hot.
This is because the participants or competitors have to take a bite from one of the apples without using their hands.
Sometimes the participants are blindfolded, just to make it even more challenging and fun.
【The History Halloween】
Halloween is on October 31st, the last day of the Celtic calendar. It was originally a pagan holiday, honoring the dead. Halloween was referred to as All Hallows Eve and dates back to over 2000 years ago.
All Hallows Eve is the evening before All Saints Day, which was created by Christians to convert pagans, and is celebrated on November 1st. The Catholic church honored saints on this designated day.
【The Origin of Halloween】
While there are many versions of the origins and old customs of Halloween, some remain consistent by all accounts. Different cultures view Halloween somewhat differently but traditional Halloween practices remain the same.
Halloween culture can be traced back to the Druids, a Celtic culture in Ireland, Britain and Northern Europe. Roots lay in the feast of Samhain, which was annually on October 31st to honor the dead.
Samhain signifies "summers end" or November. Samhain was a harvest festival with huge sacred bonfires, marking the end of the Celtic year and beginning of a new one. Many of the practices involved in this celebration were fed on superstition.
The Celts believed the souls of the dead roamed the streets and villages at night. Since not all spirits were thought to be friendly, gifts and treats were left out to pacify the evil and ensure next years crops would be plentiful. This custom evolved into trick-or-treating.
萬(wàn)圣節(jié)的由來(lái)英文簡(jiǎn)介
Halloween, or Halloween, a holiday celebrated on the night of October 31, is a mix of ancient Celtic practices, Catholic and Roman religious rituals and European folk traditions that blended together over time to create the holiday we know today.
萬(wàn)圣節(jié)前夜(每年10月31日)，在其形成過(guò)程中逐漸融合了凱爾特習(xí)俗、天主教儀式和歐洲民間傳統(tǒng)，最終形成了我們今天所見(jiàn)的這樣一個(gè)節(jié)日。
Ancient
遠(yuǎn)古時(shí)期
Shades: Throughout ancient history, Shades meant the spirit of a dead person, residing in the underworld.
幽靈：遠(yuǎn)古時(shí)期，人們認(rèn)為幽靈是生活在地下世界的死者的靈魂。
Carving gourds into elaborately decorated lanterns dates back thousands of years to Africa.
將葫蘆精雕細(xì)刻、做成燈籠的習(xí)俗可追溯到幾千年前的非洲。
800-450 B.C.
公元前800-450年
The ancient Celts believed that wearing masks would ward off evil spirits.
古凱爾特人相信戴上面具可以避開(kāi)邪靈。
Pre-1st Century
1世紀(jì)前
Samhain: The Festival of Samhain is a celebration of theendof the Gaelic harvest season.
死神節(jié)：蓋爾人(蘇格蘭和愛(ài)爾蘭的凱爾特人)慶祝豐收季節(jié)結(jié)束的節(jié)日。
1st Century
1世紀(jì)
Gaels believed that the border between this world and the otherworld became thin on Sambain; because animals and plants were dying, it allowed the dead to reach back through the veil that separated themfromthe living.
蓋爾人相信，在死神節(jié)，現(xiàn)世與冥界的邊界會(huì)逐漸消失。動(dòng)物和植物紛紛死去，而死者將穿過(guò)把他們同生者隔開(kāi)的幕布重回世間。
Bonfires played a major role in the Festival of Samhain. Celebrants wore costumes, mostly skins and animal heads, and danced around bonfires.
篝火對(duì)于死神節(jié)來(lái)說(shuō)是必不可少的。參加慶典的人們穿上動(dòng)物的皮毛和頭顱做成的服裝，圍著篝火舞蹈。
By A.D. 43, Romans had conquered much of Celtic territory. Two Roman festivalswere combined with the Celtic celebration of Samhain: Feralia, a day in late October when Romans commemorated the passing of the dead, and a day to honor Pomona, Roman goddess of fruit and trees.
公元43年，羅馬人占領(lǐng)了凱爾特人的大部分領(lǐng)土，并將兩個(gè)羅馬節(jié)日與死神節(jié)的傳統(tǒng)結(jié)合起來(lái)：一個(gè)是紀(jì)念死者的Feralia節(jié)(十月末的一天)，另一個(gè)是紀(jì)念羅馬的果樹(shù)女神Pomona的節(jié)日。
Werewolf: The original werewolf of classical mythology, Lycaon, a king of Arcadia who, according to Ovids Metamorphoses, was turned into a ravenous wolf by Zeus. Possibly the source of the term lycanthropy.
狼人：古羅馬詩(shī)人奧維德在他的《變形記》中描繪了古典神話(huà)中狼人的原型——阿卡迪亞王呂卡翁，由于觸怒天神宙斯而被變成了一匹狼。也許“變狼妄想狂”一詞就是來(lái)源于這個(gè)故事。
3rd Century
3世紀(jì)
In the Roman Catholic church,a commemoration of "All Martyrs" was celebrated between mid April and early May.
在每年四月中旬到五月初這段時(shí)間，羅馬天主教會(huì)慶祝一個(gè)名為“眾殉道者節(jié)”的紀(jì)念性節(jié)日。
7th Century
7世紀(jì)
The festival of All Siants dates to May 13 in 609 or 610, when Pope Boniface IVconsecrated the Pantheon at Rome.
公元609或610年，教皇卜尼法斯四世為羅馬萬(wàn)神殿祝圣，并將5月13日定為“眾圣人節(jié)”。
This date was an ancient pagan observation, theendof the Feast of the Lemures, in which the evil and restless spirits of all the dead were appeased.
這一節(jié)期原本是古老的異教節(jié)日——勒姆瑞斯(夜游魂)節(jié)的末尾，在這一節(jié)日期間人們?cè)噲D安撫那些邪惡且永不安寧的亡魂。
8th Century
8世紀(jì)
Pope Gregory III designated November 1st All Saints Day, a time to honor saints and martyrs.
教皇格列高利三世將每年11月1日定為“眾圣人節(jié)”，以此紀(jì)念圣人和殉道者。
Many believe the pope was attempting to replace the Celtic festival of the dead with a related, but church-sanctioned holiday.
人們相信，教皇此舉是為了用一個(gè)教會(huì)認(rèn)可的節(jié)日來(lái)替代凱爾特的亡者之節(jié)日。
Saint Boniface declared that belief in the existence of witches was un-Christian.
圣卜尼法斯(680-754，本篤會(huì)修士，美因茨大主教)宣布，相信女巫的存在是不合基督教教義的。
10th Century
10世紀(jì)
The Catholic church made November 2nd All Souls Day, a day to honor the dead.
天主教會(huì)將每年11月2日定為“萬(wàn)靈節(jié)”，以紀(jì)念死者。
The three Catholic celebrations, the eve of All Saints, All Saints, and All Souls, were called Hallowmas.
至此，天主教的三大節(jié)日——眾圣人節(jié)前夜，眾圣人節(jié)，萬(wàn)靈節(jié)，被統(tǒng)稱(chēng)為“Hallowmas”(即“萬(wàn)圣節(jié)”之意)。
Middle Ages
中世紀(jì)
Carved turnips in Ireland and Scotland are used as candle lanterns in windows to ward off harmful spirits.
在愛(ài)爾蘭和蘇格蘭，人們將蕪菁(形似蘿卜)雕刻成燈籠放在窗臺(tái)上，以此抵擋邪靈。
Soul cakes, often simply referred to as souls, were given out to soulers (mainly consisting of children and the poor) who would gofromdoor to door on Hallowmas singing and saying prayers for the dead. Each cake eaten would represent a soul being freedfromPurgatory.
另一項(xiàng)傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗涉及“靈魂餅”：在萬(wàn)圣節(jié)期間，小孩和窮人會(huì)挨家挨戶(hù)地唱歌并為死者祈禱，人們則給他們一種被稱(chēng)作“靈魂餅”的點(diǎn)心作為報(bào)酬。據(jù)說(shuō)每吃掉一個(gè)“靈魂餅”，就會(huì)有一個(gè)靈魂被從煉獄中拯救出來(lái)。
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