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感恩節(jié)火雞的由來(lái)英文介紹
感恩節(jié)的餐桌上，除了酸果醬和南瓜餅，最顯眼的要數(shù)一只大大的火雞。人們?cè)趹c祝豐收，保佑平安，為什么獨(dú)獨(dú)是火雞桑這么悲催不能活過(guò)那天呢?相信大家都有同樣的疑惑吧!小編懷著對(duì)生命的熱愛和大家來(lái)探究一下火雞被擺上感恩節(jié)餐桌的原因。
【感恩節(jié)火雞的由來(lái)】
Of all the symbols of thanksgiving, the turkey is most familiar and widespread.
It is considered as the most famous exemplary might be due to its sharp features, bright hues and majestic appearance.
Turkey is a common breed and a native of northern Mexico and the eastern United States.
Now it is being raised in large numbers and some of the commonplace species that are popular are Bronze, Narragansett, White Holland, and Bourbon Red.
Though there is no evidence that Turkey was available to the pilgrims, Massachusetts from where the practice originated, has a legend that it was served in the first Thanksgiving Dinner.
In a book written by the Pilgrims Governor Bradford, he mentions of wild turkeys while another Pilgrim describes in a letter sent to England how the governor sent four men out fowling who returned with turkeys, ducks and geese for the feast.
Though no accurate reports were found, a tale goes where turkey was their original choice but they could not find it. They cooked crow instead and served the local Indians.
As a part of tradition, turkey remains of central importance in the Thanksgiving menu surrounded by several other delicious dishes.
During the dinners, the family members may also utter a few lines of thanks or chant a special prayer.
首先熟悉一些雞類的單詞，在英語(yǔ)中被廣為人知的turkey(火雞)，我們?yōu)槭裁丛诟卸鞴?jié)吃火雞?因?yàn)槭吕锏幕痣u，膘肥體壯，“正是火雞欲上時(shí)”。自然成為了人們的首選目標(biāo)。
火雞曾被哥倫布誤認(rèn)為是珍珠雞。事實(shí)上，早在中世紀(jì)就有“印度雞”這種叫法。但是“印度”在這里指的是阿比西亞，珍珠雞在那里是野禽。
當(dāng)哥倫布在墨西哥上岸，并相信自己到達(dá)的是印度時(shí)，他眼中的火雞就無(wú)辜被叫成了“印度雞”。所以后來(lái)“印度雞”就成了火雞的第一個(gè)正式說(shuō)法。到了16世紀(jì)上半葉，火雞才被歐洲人擺上餐桌。
拿火雞做為感恩節(jié)的象征是再貼切不過(guò)了。因?yàn)榛痣u在北美印第安人眼中象征著男子漢的力量與女人的繁殖能力。
【感恩節(jié)習(xí)俗】
Thanksgiving Day is the most truly American of the national Holidays in the United States and is most closely connected with the earliest history of the country.
感恩節(jié)是美國(guó)法定假日中最地道、最美國(guó)式的節(jié)日，它和早期美國(guó)歷史最為密切相關(guān)。
Family Reunion and Feasting??Family feast is an important tradition during Thanksgiving. The entire family sits at the table during dinner and offer prayer to the Lord Almighty for his continuous grace. It is also a time for relatives living in different places to come together and celebrate.
家庭盛宴是感恩節(jié)期間的一個(gè)重要習(xí)俗。全家人圍坐在飯桌邊一起祈禱，愿上帝施與永不停息的恩惠。這也讓身處異地的親友歡聚一堂，同慶美好時(shí)光。
Tradition of Turkey??The traditional stuffed turkey adorns every dinner table during the feast. Pumpkin pie, Cranberry sauce, Corns are some of the dishes cooked everywhere to mark the day. Though historians don’t have an evidence to prove that turkey was eaten during the first Thanksgiving dinner, the thanksgiving celebration will be incomplete without it.
傳統(tǒng)的填制火雞讓每個(gè)餐桌生色不少，南瓜派、酸果沙司、玉米更是那天必不可少的菜肴。雖然歷史學(xué)家沒(méi)有證據(jù)證明在第一個(gè)感恩節(jié)時(shí)人們就吃火雞，但沒(méi)有火雞的感恩節(jié)是不完美的。
Parades??The traditional Thanksgiving parade probably started with President Lincoln proclaiming it an official day. The full- dress parade is a way to display the country’s military strength and discipline. The main aim of such parades is to lift the spirits of the spectators, provide them with wholesome entertainment. In the present day, parades are accompanied with musical shows and celebrities.
感恩節(jié)那天進(jìn)行的巡游儀式大概始于林肯總統(tǒng)時(shí)期，而且這天被宣布為法定節(jié)日。隆重的巡游儀式是顯示國(guó)家軍事力量和嚴(yán)明紀(jì)律的一個(gè)方式，但這樣的巡游主要目的是振奮國(guó)人，為大眾提供一個(gè)積極健康的娛樂(lè)活動(dòng)。現(xiàn)代的巡游活動(dòng)還加入音樂(lè)節(jié)目，眾多名人也參與其中。
Football Games??Watching NFL football during Thanksgiving is a popular tradition. The traditional game between the Detroit Lions and the Green Bay Packers continues. One of the most memorable games having been played on this day.
感恩節(jié)觀看美國(guó)國(guó)家足球聯(lián)盟的橄欖球比賽也是一個(gè)習(xí)俗。底特律雄獅和綠灣包裝工隊(duì)之間的傳統(tǒng)比賽至今仍然保留著。其中最值得紀(jì)念的比賽之一就在感恩節(jié)這天舉行。
感恩節(jié)英文介紹
Thanksgiving Day is the most truly American of the national holidays in the United States and is most closely connected with the earliest history of the country.
In 1620, the settlers, or pilgrims, they sailed to America on the may flower, seeking a place where they could have freedom of worship. After a tempestuous two-month voyage they landed at in icy November, what is now Plymouth, Massachusetts
During their first winter, over half of the settlers died of starvation or epidemics. Those who survived began sowing in the first spring.
All summer long they waited for the harvests with great anxiety, knowing that their lives and the future existence of the colony depended onthe coming harvest. Finally the fields produced a yield rich beyond expectations. And therefore it was decided that a day of thanksgiving to the lord be fixed.
Years later, president of the United States proclaimed the fourth Thursday of November as Thanksgiving Day every year. The celebration of Thanksgiving Day has been observed on that date until today.
The pattern of the thanksgiving celebration has never changed through the years. The big family dinner is planned months ahead. On the dinner table, people will find apples, oranges, chestnuts, walnuts and grapes. There will be plum pudding, mince pie, other varieties of food and cranberry juice and squash.
The best and most attractive among them are roast turkey and pumpkin pie. They have been the most traditional and favorite food on Thanksgiving Day throughout the years.
Everyone agrees the dinner must be built around roast turkey stuffed with bread dressing to absorb the tasty juices as it roasts. But as cooking varies with families and with the regions where one lives, it is not easy to get a consensus on the precise kind of stuffing for the royal bird.
Thanksgiving today is, in every sense, a national annual holiday on which Americans of all faiths and backgrounds join in to express their thanks for the year‘s bounty and reverently ask for continued blessings.
感恩節(jié)
每逢11月第四個(gè)星期四，美國(guó)人迎來(lái)了自己最重要的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日感恩節(jié)。感恩節(jié)，原是清教徒為感謝上天賜與的好收成，同時(shí)，也表達(dá)了新英格蘭“移民”對(duì)印第安土著居民最初的謝意。如今，這一傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日更多意味著合家團(tuán)聚。感恩節(jié)特輯幫您了解一個(gè)全方位的“感恩節(jié)”。
11月的第四個(gè)星期四是感恩節(jié)。感恩節(jié)是美國(guó)人民獨(dú)創(chuàng)的一個(gè)古老節(jié)日，也是美國(guó)人合家歡聚的節(jié)日，因此美國(guó)人提起感恩節(jié)總是倍感親切。
感恩節(jié)的由來(lái)要一直追溯到美國(guó)歷史的發(fā)端。1620年，著名的“五月花”號(hào)船滿載不堪忍受英國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)宗教迫害的清教徒102人到達(dá)美洲。1620年和 1621年之交的冬天，他們遇到了難以想象的困難，處在饑寒交迫之中，冬天過(guò)去時(shí)，活下來(lái)的移民只有50來(lái)人。這時(shí)，心地善良的印第安人給移民送來(lái)了生活必需品，還特地派人教他們?cè)鯓俞鳙C、捕魚和種植玉米、南瓜。在印第安人的幫助下，移民們終于獲得了豐收，在歡慶豐收的日子，按照宗教傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗，移民規(guī)定了感謝上帝的日子，并決定為感謝印第安人的真誠(chéng)幫助，邀請(qǐng)他們一同慶祝節(jié)日。
在第一個(gè)感恩節(jié)的這一天，印第安人和移民歡聚一堂，他們?cè)诶杳鲿r(shí)鳴放禮炮，列隊(duì)走進(jìn)一間用作教堂的屋子，虔誠(chéng)地向上帝表達(dá)謝意，然后點(diǎn)起篝火舉行盛大宴會(huì)。第二天和第三天又舉行了摔交、賽跑、唱歌、跳舞等活動(dòng)。第一個(gè)感恩節(jié)非常成功。其中許多慶祝方式流傳了300多年，一直保留到今天。
初時(shí)感恩節(jié)沒(méi)有固定日期，由各州臨時(shí)決定，直到美國(guó)獨(dú)立后，感恩節(jié)才成為全國(guó)性的節(jié)日。
每逢感恩節(jié)這一天，美國(guó)舉國(guó)上下熱鬧非常，人們按照習(xí)俗前往教堂做感恩祈禱，城鄉(xiāng)市鎮(zhèn)到處都有化裝游行、戲劇表演或體育比賽等。勞燕分飛了一年的親人們也會(huì)從天南海北歸來(lái)，一家人團(tuán)團(tuán)圓圓，品嘗美味的感恩節(jié)火雞。
感恩節(jié)的食品富有傳統(tǒng)特色�；痣u是感恩節(jié)的傳統(tǒng)主菜，通常是把火雞肚子里塞上各種調(diào)料和拌好的食品，然后整只烤出，由男主人用刀切成薄片分給大家。此外，感恩節(jié)的傳統(tǒng)食品還有甜山芋、玉蜀黍、南瓜餅、紅莓苔子果醬等。
感恩節(jié)宴會(huì)后，人們有時(shí)會(huì)做些傳統(tǒng)游戲，比如南瓜賽跑是比賽者用一把小勺推著南瓜跑，規(guī)則是不能用手碰南瓜，先到終點(diǎn)者獲勝。比賽用的勺子越小，游戲就越有意思。
多少年來(lái)，慶祝感恩節(jié)的習(xí)俗代代相傳，無(wú)論在巖石嶙峋的西海岸還是在風(fēng)光旖旎的夏威夷，人們幾乎在以同樣的方式歡度感恩節(jié)，感恩節(jié)是不論何種信仰、何種民族的美國(guó)人都慶祝的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日。
感恩節(jié)美食文化
Edward Winslows account details that "they went out and killed five deer" and mentions that "our governor sent four men on fowling" and that "they four, in one day, killed as much fowl as, with a little help beside, servedthe com/#pany almost a week." While it is possible that turkeys may have been killed, it is more likely that ducks or geese were the primary targets.
根據(jù)愛德華·溫斯洛的記載，他們那時(shí)外出捕殺了五頭鹿�！伴L(zhǎng)官共派了四個(gè)人去抓鳥。這四個(gè)人運(yùn)氣不錯(cuò)，一天就找到了幾乎夠一周吃的東西�！边@些人有可能殺火雞來(lái)慶賀，但鴨子和鵝更可能成為那時(shí)候人的首選。
In addition, the crops grown by both settler and Native American would have graced that early thanksgiving dinner. Corn, squash, potatoes, yams, even wheat to make bread were, in all probability, shared and enjoyed.
此外，在早期的感恩節(jié)晚餐中，當(dāng)時(shí)的移民和美洲土著會(huì)用各種農(nóng)作物，比如玉米、南瓜、土豆、山藥、甚至小麥等所有可能的材料去制作面包，然后一起享用。
Today there is such a large variety of food to choosefromthat a Thanksgiving Dinner can feature almost any main course. True, the traditional turkey is still the meat of choice, yet goose, duck, ham, even some of the seas harvests can be used. In place of sweet potatoes, peas, greens, and even more exotic vegetables all make their way to this
家宴習(xí)俗
Custom of Family Dinner
The traditional stuffed turkey adorns every dinner table during the feast. pumpkin pie, cranberry sauce, corns are some of the dishes cooked everywhere to mark the day.
家庭盛宴是感恩節(jié)期間的一個(gè)重要習(xí)俗。全家人圍坐在飯桌邊一起祈禱，愿上帝施與永不停息的恩惠。 這也讓身處異地的親友歡聚一堂，同慶美好時(shí)光。
Though historians don’t have an evidence to prove that turkey was eaten during the first thanksgiving dinner, the thanksgiving celebration will beincomplete without it.
傳統(tǒng)的填制火雞讓每個(gè)餐桌生色不少，南瓜派、酸果沙司、玉米更是那天必不可少的菜肴。雖然歷史學(xué)家沒(méi)有證據(jù)證明在第一個(gè)感恩節(jié)時(shí)人們就吃火雞，但沒(méi)有火雞的感恩節(jié)是不完美的。
The traditional thanksgiving parade probably started with president lincoln proclaiming it an official day. the full- dress parade is a way to display the country’s military strength and discipline. the main aim of such parades is to lift the spirits of the spectators, provide them with wholesome entertainment. in the present day, parades areaccompanied with musical shows and celebrities.
感恩節(jié)那天進(jìn)行的巡游儀式大概始于林肯總統(tǒng)時(shí)期，而且這天被宣布為法定節(jié)日。隆重的巡游儀式是顯示國(guó)家軍事力量和嚴(yán)明紀(jì)律的一個(gè)方式，但這樣的巡游主要目的是振奮國(guó)人，為大眾提供一個(gè)積極健康的娛樂(lè)活動(dòng)�，F(xiàn)代的巡游活動(dòng)還加入音樂(lè)節(jié)目，眾多名人也參與其中。
football games??watching nfl football during thanksgiving is a popular tradition. the traditional game between the detroit lions and the green bay packers continues. one of the most memorable games having been played on this day.
感恩節(jié)觀看美國(guó)國(guó)家足球聯(lián)盟的橄欖球比賽也是一個(gè)習(xí)俗。底特律雄獅和綠灣包裝工隊(duì)之間的傳統(tǒng)比賽至今仍然保留著。其中最值得紀(jì)念的比賽之一就在感恩節(jié)這天舉行。
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