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學(xué)位英語(yǔ)英漢互譯沖刺練習(xí)題及答案
Twenty years from now you will be more disappointed by the things that you didnt do than by the things you did.以下是小編為大家搜索整理的學(xué)位英語(yǔ)英漢互譯沖刺練習(xí)題及答案，希望能給大家?guī)?lái)幫助!更多精彩內(nèi)容請(qǐng)及時(shí)關(guān)注我們應(yīng)屆畢業(yè)考試網(wǎng)!
Remember you may be taken to court for not doing so， and you may be fined if you cannot prove to the court that you have been excused from wearing it.
譯文：注意你如果不這么做(系安全帶)的話，你有可能被告上法庭，而且你有可能被處以罰款除非你能證明你有不帶安全帶的理由。
Professor Taiju Matsuzawa wanted to find out why otherwise healthy farmers in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ability to think and reason at a relatively early age， and how the process of ageing could he slowed down.
譯文：Taiju Matsuzawa教授想找出為什么日本北部的健康農(nóng)民在相對(duì)年輕的年齡就顯得開始失去思考與推理的能力的原因以及怎樣才能延緩老化過(guò)程。
With a team of colleagues at Tokyo National University， he set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages and varying occupations.
譯文：在東京國(guó)立大學(xué)的同事們的幫助下，他開始對(duì)一千來(lái)自不同職業(yè)的人群進(jìn)行了大腦體積的測(cè)量。
Computer technology enabled the researchers to obtain precise measurements of the volume of the front and side sections of the brain， which relate to intellect(智能)and emotion， and determine the human character.
譯文：計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)幫助研究人員獲得人腦前部和側(cè)部的準(zhǔn)確體積，這是與人的智能和情緒有關(guān)的部分，而且也決定人的性格特點(diǎn)。
Contraction of front and side parts as cells die off was observed in some subjects in their thirties， but it was still not evident in some sixty and seventy-year-olds.
譯文：有的人(大腦)前部和側(cè)部的收縮——隨著細(xì)胞的死亡——在三十多歲時(shí)就能被觀察到了，但是也有些人直到六七歲依然不明顯。
The findings show in general terms that contraction of the brain begins sooner in people in the country than in the towns.
譯文：研究結(jié)果表明在農(nóng)村的人大腦收縮基本上比城市里的人要早。
We know that you have a high opinion of the kind of learning taught in your colleges，and that the costs of living of our young men，while with you，would be very expensive to you.
譯文：我們知道你們很看重你們?cè)诖髮W(xué)里面教育的學(xué)習(xí)方法，而且我們的年輕人與你們生活的花費(fèi)即使對(duì)于你們來(lái)說(shuō)也不便宜。
We are，however，not the less obliged by your kind offer，though we refuse to accept it;and，to show our grateful sense of it，if the gentlemen of Virginia will send us a dozen of their sons，we will take care of their education，teach them in all we know，and make men of them.
譯文：當(dāng)然，對(duì)于你們的盛情我們沒(méi)有被逼迫的感覺(jué)，盡管我們拒絕接受。而且，為了表示我們的感謝，如果維吉利亞洲的紳士們?cè)敢馀蓙?lái)一些他們的子弟的話，我們會(huì)盡全力教育他們，并把他們培養(yǎng)成為真正的男人。
But you must know that different nations have different ways of looking at things，and you will therefore not be offended if our ideas of this kind of education happen not to be the same as yours.
譯文：但是你們也要明白不同的民族看待事物有不同的方法，所以如果剛好我們的看法與你們的不一樣的話，你們也不應(yīng)覺(jué)的被冒犯了。
White collar workers doing routine work in government offices are，however，as likely to have shrinking brains as the farm worker，bus driver and shop assistant.
譯文：在政府部門從事簡(jiǎn)單重復(fù)工作的白領(lǐng)也像農(nóng)場(chǎng)工人、公共汽車司機(jī)和商店職員一樣大腦細(xì)胞容易收縮。
The effective work of maintaining discipline is usually performed by students who advise the academic authorities.
譯文：而有效遵守紀(jì)律的學(xué)生們往往是那些經(jīng)常給校方提建議的學(xué)生。
They also learn how to cope with personal problems as well as learning how to think, to make decisions, to analyse and evaluate, and to communicate effectively.
譯文：他們也要學(xué)習(xí)如何處理個(gè)人問(wèn)題和怎樣思考，怎樣決策、分析和評(píng)估以及有效溝通。
The problem is，how to encourage a child to express himself freely and confidently in writing without holding him back with the complexities of spelling?
譯文：?jiǎn)栴}是，怎樣鼓勵(lì)一個(gè)孩子在寫作時(shí)自由自信的表達(dá)自己，而不被拼寫的復(fù)雜所捆繞。
It may have been a sharp criticism of the pupil‘s technical abilities in writing， but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had omitted to read the essay， which contained some beautiful expressions of the child’s deep feelings.
譯文：這可能是對(duì)學(xué)生在寫作中的技術(shù)能力的尖銳批評(píng)，但也是老師的失敗的悲哀反映——忽略了朗讀文章，這其中優(yōu)美的表達(dá)可以激發(fā)孩子們的深刻感受。
Wearing a seat belt saves lives;it reduces your chance of death or serious injury by more than half.
譯文：系好安全帶能夠挽救性命，它能將喪生和重傷的概率減少一半以上。
一、基礎(chǔ)句子互譯（10 題）
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每天堅(jiān)持閱讀 30 分鐘，能有效提升語(yǔ)言表達(dá)能力。
答案：Keeping reading for 30 minutes every day can effectively improve your language expression ability.
解析：“堅(jiān)持” 用 “keeping” 體現(xiàn)持續(xù)性；“提升” 選用 “improve”，符合日常表達(dá)習(xí)慣，避免生硬直譯 “raise”。
周末和家人一起去公園野餐，是我最放松的時(shí)刻。
答案：Going on a picnic with my family in the park on weekends is my most relaxing moment.
解析：“去野餐” 固定搭配為 “go on a picnic”；“最放松的時(shí)刻” 用 “most relaxing moment”，比 “most relaxed time” 更貼合語(yǔ)境（“relaxing” 修飾事物，“relaxed” 修飾人）。
這座城市的地鐵線路越來(lái)越完善，極大方便了市民出行。
答案：The subway lines in this city are becoming more and more complete, which greatly facilitates citizens travel.
解析：“完善” 用 “complete” 體現(xiàn)線路的完整性；“方便” 用 “facilitates”（動(dòng)詞），比 “makes it convenient” 更簡(jiǎn)潔，符合書面表達(dá)。
老師常常鼓勵(lì)我們多提問(wèn)、多思考，不要害怕犯錯(cuò)。
答案：Teachers often encourage us to ask more questions, think more, and not be afraid of making mistakes.
解析：“鼓勵(lì)某人做某事” 用 “encourage sb. to do sth.” 固定結(jié)構(gòu)；“害怕犯錯(cuò)” 譯為 “be afraid of making mistakes”，“make mistakes” 為常用搭配。
秋天的楓葉變紅時(shí)，這座山就成了著名的旅游景點(diǎn)。
答案：When the maple leaves turn red in autumn, this mountain becomes a famous tourist attraction.
解析：“楓葉” 固定譯為 “maple leaves”；“旅游景點(diǎn)” 用 “tourist attraction”，比 “travel spot” 更規(guī)范通用。
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Taking part in volunteer activities can help us understand the importance of helping others.
答案：參加志愿活動(dòng)能幫助我們理解幫助他人的重要性。
解析：“Taking part in” 譯為 “參加”，貼合中文表達(dá)；“volunteer activities” 準(zhǔn)確譯為 “志愿活動(dòng)”，不直譯 “志愿者活動(dòng)”，更簡(jiǎn)潔。
You should finish your homework carefully before you watch TV or play video games.
答案：你應(yīng)該認(rèn)真完成作業(yè)后，再看電視或玩電子游戲。
解析：“carefully” 譯為 “認(rèn)真地”，修飾 “完成作業(yè)”；“before” 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)譯為 “…… 后，再……”，符合中文語(yǔ)序習(xí)慣，避免 “在看電視或玩電子游戲之前” 的生硬表達(dá)。
This new library has a large number of books, including history, science and literature.
答案：這座新圖書館有大量書籍，涵蓋歷史、科學(xué)和文學(xué)等領(lǐng)域。
解析：“a large number of” 譯為 “大量”，比 “很多” 更書面；“including” 譯為 “涵蓋”，體現(xiàn)書籍種類的廣泛性，補(bǔ)充 “等領(lǐng)域” 使語(yǔ)義更完整。
It is important to keep a balanced diet and do exercise regularly to stay healthy.
答案：保持均衡飲食、定期鍛煉對(duì)維持健康很重要。
解析：“keep a balanced diet” 固定譯為 “保持均衡飲食”；“do exercise regularly” 譯為 “定期鍛煉”，簡(jiǎn)潔準(zhǔn)確；“to stay healthy” 譯為 “對(duì)維持健康”，將目的狀語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)化為中文常用的 “對(duì)……” 結(jié)構(gòu)。
My grandmother often tells me stories about her childhood when she was young.
答案：奶奶經(jīng)常給我講她小時(shí)候的童年故事。
解析：“grandmother” 譯為 “奶奶”，更具生活氣息；“stories about her childhood” 譯為 “童年故事”，避免重復(fù) “她的童年的故事”，符合中文簡(jiǎn)潔表達(dá)習(xí)慣。
二、進(jìn)階段落互譯（5 題）
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春節(jié)是中國(guó)最重要的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日，通常在農(nóng)歷正月初一慶祝。節(jié)前，家家戶戶會(huì)打掃房屋、貼春聯(lián)，象征辭舊迎新。除夕夜，家人團(tuán)聚吃年夜飯，一起觀看春晚，孩子們則會(huì)收到長(zhǎng)輩給的壓歲錢，祈求新的一年平安順利。
答案：The Spring Festival is the most important traditional festival in China, usually celebrated on the first day of the first lunar month. Before the festival, every family cleans their houses and pastes Spring Festival couplets, which symbolizes bidding farewell to the old and welcoming the new. On New Years Eve, families gather to have the reunion dinner and watch the Spring Festival Gala together. Children receive lucky money from elders, which is a wish for safety and smoothness in the new year.
解析：“農(nóng)歷正月初一” 譯為 “the first day of the first lunar month”，準(zhǔn)確體現(xiàn)傳統(tǒng)歷法；“春聯(lián)” 固定譯為 “Spring Festival couplets”；“壓歲錢” 譯為 “l(fā)ucky money”，符合國(guó)際通用表達(dá)，補(bǔ)充 “a wish for” 解釋習(xí)俗含義，幫助理解。
隨著科技的發(fā)展，線上購(gòu)物已經(jīng)成為人們?nèi)粘Ｉ畹闹匾糠�。通過(guò)手機(jī) APP，人們可以輕松購(gòu)買衣服、食品、電子產(chǎn)品等各類商品，還能享受送貨上門的服務(wù)。不過(guò)，線上購(gòu)物也存在一些問(wèn)題，比如商品質(zhì)量參差不齊、退換貨流程復(fù)雜等，需要消費(fèi)者謹(jǐn)慎選擇。
答案：With the development of technology, online shopping has become an important part of peoples daily life. Through mobile apps, people can easily buy various products such as clothes, food and electronic products, and also enjoy home delivery services. However, online shopping also has some problems, such as uneven product quality and complicated return and exchange procedures, which require consumers to choose carefully.
解析：“線上購(gòu)物” 譯為 “online shopping”，通用且簡(jiǎn)潔；“送貨上門服務(wù)” 譯為 “home delivery services”；“質(zhì)量參差不齊” 譯為 “uneven product quality”，準(zhǔn)確傳達(dá) “有好有壞” 的含義；“退換貨流程” 譯為 “return and exchange procedures”，符合商業(yè)用語(yǔ)習(xí)慣。
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Autumn is a beautiful season in many parts of the world. The weather becomes cool and comfortable, and the leaves of trees change color—some turn yellow, some turn red, and others stay green. People like to go hiking or have picnics in the park during this season. It is also a harvest season, with farmers busy collecting crops like apples, grapes and corn.
答案：在世界上許多地方，秋天都是個(gè)美麗的季節(jié)。天氣變得涼爽舒適，樹葉也換上了不同顏色 —— 有的變黃，有的變紅，還有的保持翠綠。人們喜歡在這個(gè)季節(jié)去徒步旅行，或是在公園野餐。秋天也是豐收的季節(jié)，農(nóng)民們忙著收割蘋果、葡萄、玉米等農(nóng)作物。
解析：“change color” 譯為 “換上了不同顏色”，比 “變色” 更生動(dòng)；“go hiking” 譯為 “徒步旅行”，符合中文常用表達(dá)；“harvest season” 譯為 “豐收的季節(jié)”，補(bǔ)充 “的” 使語(yǔ)句更通順；“collect crops” 譯為 “收割農(nóng)作物”，準(zhǔn)確體現(xiàn)農(nóng)民的動(dòng)作。
Reading books is a great way to broaden our horizons and gain knowledge. Different types of books can bring us different benefits: history books help us understand the past, science books help us learn about nature and technology, and storybooks can improve our imagination. No matter how busy we are, we should set aside some time to read, as it can make our life more meaningful.
答案：讀書是拓寬視野、獲取知識(shí)的好方法。不同類型的書籍能給我們帶來(lái)不同的益處：歷史書幫助我們了解過(guò)去，科學(xué)書幫助我們認(rèn)識(shí)自然與科技，故事書則能提升我們的想象力。無(wú)論多忙，我們都應(yīng)該抽出時(shí)間讀書，因?yàn)樗茏屛覀兊纳罡幸饬x。
解析：“broaden our horizons” 譯為 “拓寬視野”，固定搭配；“gain knowledge” 譯為 “獲取知識(shí)”，簡(jiǎn)潔準(zhǔn)確；“set aside some time” 譯為 “抽出時(shí)間”，比 “留出時(shí)間” 更自然；“make our life more meaningful” 譯為 “讓我們的生活更有意義”，符合中文表達(dá)習(xí)慣，避免直譯 “使我們的生活更有意義” 的生硬感。
Environmental protection is a responsibility of every person. We can do many small things in daily life to protect the environment, such as turning off the lights when leaving a room, using reusable bags instead of plastic bags, and throwing garbage into the correct bins. If everyone takes action, we can make the earth a better place to live in.
答案：保護(hù)環(huán)境是每個(gè)人的責(zé)任。我們?cè)谌粘Ｉ钪锌梢宰龊芏嘈∈聛?lái)保護(hù)環(huán)境，比如離開房間時(shí)關(guān)燈、用環(huán)保袋代替塑料袋、將垃圾扔進(jìn)正確的垃圾桶。如果每個(gè)人都行動(dòng)起來(lái)，我們就能讓地球變成更適合居住的地方。
解析：“Environmental protection” 譯為 “保護(hù)環(huán)境”，動(dòng)賓結(jié)構(gòu)更符合中文表達(dá)；“reusable bags” 譯為 “環(huán)保袋”，比 “可重復(fù)使用的袋子” 更簡(jiǎn)潔；“throwing garbage into the correct bins” 譯為 “將垃圾扔進(jìn)正確的垃圾桶”，補(bǔ)充 “桶” 字使語(yǔ)義完整；“a better place to live in” 譯為 “更適合居住的地方”，自然流暢，避免 “一個(gè)更好的居住地方” 的語(yǔ)序問(wèn)題。
三、難點(diǎn)句型互譯
漢譯英：雖然他學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)不是最好的，但他樂(lè)于助人的品質(zhì)贏得了老師和同學(xué)的一致好評(píng)。
答案：Although his academic performance is not the best, his quality of being willing to help others has won universal praise from teachers and classmates.
解析：“雖然…… 但……” 用 “Although……” 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，注意英文中 “Although” 不與 “but” 連用；“學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)” 譯為 “academic performance”，比 “study grades” 更書面；“樂(lè)于助人的品質(zhì)” 譯為 “quality of being willing to help others”，準(zhǔn)確傳達(dá) “品質(zhì)” 的核心含義。
漢譯英：只有通過(guò)不斷努力，我們才能實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的夢(mèng)想，成為更好的自己。
答案：Only by making continuous efforts can we realize our dreams and become better versions of ourselves.
解析：“只有…… 才……” 用 “Only by……can we……” 倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，符合英文語(yǔ)法規(guī)則；“實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想” 譯為 “realize our dreams”，固定搭配；“成為更好的自己” 譯為 “become better versions of ourselves”，比 “become better people” 更貼合 “提升自我” 的語(yǔ)境。
英譯漢：It was not until she received the award that she realized how much her hard work had paid off.
答案：直到獲得獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)，她才意識(shí)到自己的努力付出了多少回報(bào)。
解析：“It was not until……that……” 為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，譯為 “直到…… 才……”，符合中文表達(dá)；“paid off” 譯為 “付出了回報(bào)”，準(zhǔn)確傳達(dá) “努力有結(jié)果” 的含義，避免直譯 “償還”。
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